Snakes

Mexico is home to over 390 snake species, of which approximately 70 are venomous. The most medically important snakes in central Mexico include the rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.), the coral snake (Micrurus spp.), and the fer-de-lance (Bothrops asper). Although they are an important part of the ecosystem as rodent controllers, their presence near homes and businesses requires professional management.

Identification

• Rattlesnake: Triangular head, loreal pits (heat detectors), rattle on the tail. Diamond pattern.
• Coral snake: Color rings of red, black, and yellow/white. Rounded head. "Red touches yellow, kills a fellow."
• Fer-de-lance: Large triangular head, brown color with zigzag pattern. Can reach over 1.5 meters.
• Non-venomous snakes: Rounded head, circular pupils, no loreal pits. Include water snakes and rat snakes.
• Habitat: Areas with vegetation, debris piles, firewood, rocks, basements, warehouses, and gardens.

Frequently Asked Questions

What should I do if I find a snake? Do not attempt to capture or kill it. Maintain a safe distance, do not corner it, and immediately contact wildlife control professionals.

What to do in case of a bite? Seek immediate medical attention. Stay calm, immobilize the affected limb, and do not apply tourniquets, ice, or attempt to suck out the venom. Photograph the snake if possible.

Hazards

Venomous snake bites can cause tissue necrosis, hemorrhaging, neuromuscular paralysis, and organ failure. In Mexico, approximately 28,000 snake bites are reported annually. Timely medical attention with antivenom is crucial. Even non-venomous snakes can cause painful bites and secondary infections.

Control and Prevention

• Habitat management: Remove debris piles, firewood, and rocks near structures. Keep grass short.
• Sealing: Close openings larger than 6 mm in foundations, doors, and walls.
• Prey control: Reduce rodent populations that attract snakes.
• Capture and relocation: Handled exclusively by wildlife specialists, respecting protected species.
• Monitoring: Regular perimeter inspections, especially during rainy season when activity increases.